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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire ： ウィキペディア英語版 Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire Ibrahim (, (トルコ語:İbrahim)) (5 November 1615 – 18 August 1648) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1640 until 1648. He was born in Istanbul the son of Ahmed I by Valide Kösem Sultan, an ethnic Greek originally named Anastasia. He was later called Ibrahim the Mad (Turkish: ''Deli İbrahim'') by twentieth century historians due to his reputed mental condition〔Lucienne Thys-Senocak, ''Ottoman Women Builders''. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006. Page 24〕 —probably psychoneurosis. ==Early years in power== One of the most notorious Ottoman Sultans, Ibrahim spent all of his early life in the close confinement of the Kafes before succeeding his brother Murad IV (1623–40) in 1640. Four of his brothers had been executed by Murad, and Ibrahim lived in terror of being the next to die. His life was only saved by the intercession of Kösem Sultan, mother of Ibrahim and Murad.〔Baysun, M. Cavid. "Kösem Wālide or Kösem Sulṭān." ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'', Second Edition. Brill Online, 2012. Accessed 10 July 2012 〕 After Murad's death, Ibrahim was left the sole surviving prince of the dynasty. Upon being asked by Grand Vizier Kemankeş Kara Mustafa Pasha to assume the Sultanate, Ibrahim suspected Murad was still alive and plotting to trap him. It took the combined persuasion of Kösem and the Grand Vizier, and personal examination of his brother's dead body, to make Ibrahim accept the throne. Ḳara Muṣṭafā Pasha remained as Grand Vizier during the first four years of Ibrahim’s reign, keeping the Empire stable. With the treaty of Szön (March 15, 1642) he renewed peace with Austria and during the same year recovered Azov from the Cossacks. Ḳara Muṣṭafā also stabilized the currency with coinage reform, sought to stabilize the economy with a new land-survey, reduced the number of Janissaries, removed non-contributing members from the state payrolls, and curbed the power of disobedient provincial governors. During these years, Ibrahim showed concern with properly ruling the empire, as shown in his handwritten communications with the Grand Vizier.〔Gökbilgin, M. Tayyib. "Ibrāhīm." ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'', Second Edition. Brill Online, 2012. Accessed July 10, 2012 〕 Ḳara Muṣṭafā in turn wrote a memo on public affairs to coach his inexperienced master. Ibrahim’s replies to Ḳara Muṣṭafā's reports show he had actually received a good education. Ibrahim often traveled in disguise, inspecting the markets of Istanbul and ordering the Grand Vizier to correct any problems he observed.〔Börekçi, Günhan. "Ibrahim I." ''Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire''. Ed. Gábor Ágoston and Bruce Masters. New York: Facts on File, 2009. p.263.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.